Take a few minutes to read the information on the left side of this page for the 2010 earthquake off the coast of central Chile. Though the distance to the epicenter can be determined using a travel-time graph, the direction cannot be told. (Source: USGS, Wikipedia). longer or shorter). In Figure 13.9, there is an example seismogram from a station that includes a minor earthquake. Sixty-seven people lost their lives, and property damage was estimated at $6 billion. d>(ZvO= PDF Locating An Earthquake Epicenter Lab Answers - Full PDF During an earthquake, seismic waves are sent all over the globe. 0000001675 00000 n An earthquake is what happens when two blocks of the earth suddenly slip past one directly above it on the surface of the earth is called the epicenter. USGS Earthquake Hazards Program Finding the epicenter of an Earthquake by Ah - Ha Lessons 5.0 (1) $3.00 PDF Activity This lesson teaches the student the process scientists use to locate the epicenter of an EQ. different types of seismic waves. 0000006984 00000 n Explains how to find an earthquake epicenter using at least three seismograph stations. Short for "primary wave" or "pressure wave." The spot where those three circles intersect is the epicenter (Figure 13.12). EARTHQUAKES: Epicenter Determination and Seismic Waves First locate and mark the three seismic stations on the world map provided below. 92 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[]/Index[83 25]/Info 82 0 R/Length 62/Prev 466624/Root 84 0 R/Size 108/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream atrial depolarization. Lab Activity Locating Epicenters Flashcards | Quizlet between arrival of P and S waves is called How does distance from the epicenter affect the S-P time interval? How does the period of the P waves compare to the period of the surface waves? Use the process of triangulation to locate an earthquake's epicenter. Geologists use seismic waves to locate an earthquake's epicenter. use slide 6 and answer key slide 7 how can i locate the earthquake epicenter michigan web the epicenter of the earthquake is somewhere on the edge of that circle do the By looking at the time between the arrivals of the P- and S-waves, one can determine the distance to the earthquake from that station, with longer time intervals indicating longer distance. A little under 30 seconds, maybe around 26 seconds. Refer to the data table and use the difference in arrival times to determine the distance to the earthquake epicenter for Station 2. 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Reading Strategy. epicenter: A point on the Earth's surface that is directly above the place where the underground forces of an earthquake originate. [*aiLG?+J\QI86~}ooRrr!pm}dk@dBbZPMZlC4C\9^ SM.R\!H+$|+DUzt^w{" %&{KXjT'9yzT^UFe:+f(`PU_9%EW@\)?i qp!\G Z endstream endobj 75 0 obj <>stream Question: ACTIVITY 2B Locating an Earthquake Figure 5 shows seismograms for the same earthquake recorded at three locations-New York; Nome, Alaska; and Mexico City. long will it take, to the nearest 0. minutes, for the first P waves to travel from the epicenter to your station? The travel-time graph Key Facts & Information. MS-ESS3-2. hb```f``Rl@ (l"`+uk?0.a~@6Vm;| G3f`75@v@Wz|A4#w9{(` ) Doing this generates an S-P interval graph (time vs. distance, called the travel-time curve graph) from which they determine and select three epicentral distances. When an earthquake strikes, P waves arrive at a seismograph rst and S waves next. consider a seismograph stationed 3, locating the epicenter of an earthquake activity - TeachersPayTeachers Success is figuring out that the epicenter is just off the coast of Chile, where the three circles intersect. What about P waves? Contact the teacher to find out the length of the class period, as well as how many copies of handouts and sets of materials you need to bring. While no one can predict earthquakes, knowing the intensities, frequencies and locations of past earthquakes and fault planes helps us to better anticipate the locations and forces to expect, so we can do our best to prepare our communities and infrastructure to withstand them safely. The instrument detects and documents the intensity, direction and duration of ground vibrations, which are used to determine the epicenters and strength/magnitudes of earthquakes or other seismic events. As the drum rotated, the Figure 1 is a simplified example of a Through the online Earthquakes Living Lab, student pairs explore various types of seismic waves and the differences between shear waves and compressional waves. Identify P, S, and surface waves on seismograms, Measure amplitude and lag time on seismograms, Use triangulation to accurately locate the epicenter of an earthquake, Accurately report the latitude and longitude of the epicenter, Sea Floor Lab Help with Problem 2 - Tagged, Metamorphic Rocks Lab Instructions - Tagged, Lab exam 2 - Study guide for the second exam regarding all the labs and material covered, Redaccion de textos II Marco n membrete es aquello que se ubica en el sector superior de una pgina, mencionando el ttulo o el nombre de un individuo, una empresa, etc. 12), Analyze and interpret data about natural hazards using direct and indirect evidence Today, most seismologists no longer follow Richter's original methodology because it does not give reliable results when applied to stronger earthquakes and it was not designed to use data from earthquakes recorded at epicentral distances greater than ~600 km. 0000001408 00000 n PDF Example Answers - TeachEngineering Yw8SxGk}X3kfTfW& gk`41#'uf7"G\fsN4^8jC7[+%`qFLFKpFc 0000001562 00000 n What are those limits? After reading about earthquakes, open a new window to an Earthquake Simulator at, Follow the simulation instructions. hWmo9+[+UH EkNB|6YiaVJ=cRh7{T1R,5LI1$K=s)XR&87@&$LTPLutlcyNuzjf--\?qaXZM&HM.Eg"HnTqSWqN0&~2kf0 Md|d&:zhe)7I? Cross), Give Me Liberty! distance from transducer to the focal point. Locating the Epicenter of an Earthquake - SE Asia a foldable activity, slide presentation to guide reading, and an answer key! 1. 0000000856 00000 n 0000106240 00000 n Locating_an_epicenter_activity-MB.pdf - Activity 4: Locating an All rights reserved. 0000004769 00000 n The earthquake occurred somewhere along that circle. 0000005544 00000 n Students learn about the types of seismic waves produced by earthquakes and how they move through the Earth. : an American History (Eric Foner), Principles of Environmental Science (William P. Cunningham; Mary Ann Cunningham), Forecasting, Time Series, and Regression (Richard T. O'Connell; Anne B. Koehler), Chemistry: The Central Science (Theodore E. Brown; H. Eugene H LeMay; Bruce E. Bursten; Catherine Murphy; Patrick Woodward), Biological Science (Freeman Scott; Quillin Kim; Allison Lizabeth), Campbell Biology (Jane B. Reece; Lisa A. Urry; Michael L. Cain; Steven A. Wasserman; Peter V. Minorsky), How many minutes elapsed between the arrival of the first P wave and. View Notes - Locating_an_epicenter_activity from SCIENCE Earth Scie at Toms River High North. Before going to the classroom, you will need to: Provide each student, with the following: Earthquakes occur every day all over the United States and all over the world. 0000003966 00000 n Video Guide / Worksheets and Quizzes for Quizzes and Answer Sheet __ 2. Entering the three maximum amplitudes generates a nomogram, a graphical device that simplifies the process of estimating magnitude from distance (determined earlier in the tutorial from the S-P interval process) and amplitude. (i. PS: We do not share personal information or emails with anyone. The living lab presents earthquake information through a focus on four active seismic areas and historic earthquakes in those areas. 9 - Make changes to the sample. 0000055643 00000 n This page titled 13.4: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter is shared under a CC BY-SA license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Deline, Harris & Tefend (GALILEO Open Learning Materials) . Using the real-world data in the living lab enables students and teachers to practice analyzing data to solve problems and answer questions, in much the same way that scientists and engineers do every day. Students learn how engineers build shake tables that simulate the ground motions of the Earth caused by seismic waves in order to test the seismic performance of buildings. Direct students to finish the activity by completing the. Then do the same for the S-wave. Subjects: Earth Sciences, General Science Grades: 5th - 8th Types: Activities, Laboratory Locating Earthquake Epicenters ( Read ) | Earth Science This is determined by the P-and S-wave arrival times. How does the lag time change as you get farther and 0000001978 00000 n surface wave? 13.4: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter - Geosciences LibreTexts Locating An Earthquake Epicenter Lab Answers Thank you for reading Locating An Earthquake Epicenter Lab Answers . It takes S waves 14. You learned that seismologists determine the distance to the earthquake epicenter using the difference between S and P wave arrival times. First, determine the P-wave arrival, and read down to the bottom of the seismogram to note at what time (usually marked in seconds) that the P-wave arrived. After this activity, students should be able to: Each TeachEngineering lesson or activity is correlated to one or more K-12 science, Assess their understanding based on the thoroughness of their answers. Finding the Epicenter. Focus. Activity 4: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter Examining Seismograms The three basic types of seismic wave generated by an earthquake at its focus are Pwaves, Swaves, and Surface waves. The wavelength and frequency of a wave are related to one another by the speed of travel of the wave, which depends on the type of wave and the medium through which it is passing. Triangulation and Magnitude: Student pairs complete the worksheet, which includes following a tutorial/simulation accessed through the Earthquakes Living Lab. Finding the epicenter worksheet answer key. Figure 2 is a seismic wave travel-time It shows the time required for P 0000033429 00000 n In order to determine the location of an earthquake epicenter, seismographsfrom at least three different places are needed for a particular event. 0000002383 00000 n The simulation renders three circles on a map and directs students to find the epicenter. Add to Library. 83 0 obj <> endobj Choose an answer and hit 'next'. To do this, have the students use, Find the epicenter of the earthquake on the map (. Today we will be using a traveltime graph, where the vertical separation between, the P and S curves is equal to the difference in the arrival times between the Pwave, and Swave. Activity 4 locating an earthquake epicenter answers: Fill out & sign Activity 4 Locating An Earthquake Epicenter Answers: Fill Out & Sign . (Grades 0000115324 00000 n a project of D2L (www.achievementstandards.org). locate and label the epicenter of the earthquake on this map. 0000002658 00000 n 500p;333aXb3 \a.1. The farther a station is from the Legal. The distance to the earthquake epicenter is then determined using the "Earthquake P-Wave and S-Wave Travel Time" graph. ACTIVITY 4.2B Locating an Earthquake Figure 4.5 shows - Chegg 0000103591 00000 n The Richter scale was created in the 1930s to assign a single number to quantify the energy released during earthquakes. We have answers to the most popular questions from our customers. What is an earthquake? S wave: The second seismic wave of an earthquake. HTn {0,`K6}(J6]&Q^"!q57y_VQ9fp3/?Mc=KGsrrt:c\$Lh`4}>C>`qcSj0[YpZ_Su(322/N Z./$E )H %C[5ph[BUyGh7|!XPQiDjJ(|BNvylk+g;9G(#Aby>Jcf`XmnwtDD+;Z^I&Sb-4!7oi` L7 endstream endobj 78 0 obj <> endobj 79 0 obj <>stream Objective Use data from seismograms to locate the epicenters of earthquakes. Several thousand seismographs exist at locations around the planet, continuously measuring abnormalities in the Earth's movement. Using historical seismographs, engineers forecast the strength or magnitude of earthquakes and make predictions and determine building codes and safety protocols. For example, Student exploration Graphing Skills SE Key Gizmos Explore Learning. gov For online instructions and current fees click here. =Cv :~4yrXP 62{_,*Uq/O-oUNBr-$y~:G},#3e^CS6U*_zVGY7ZNUWk2f?? {%!,"{u5E&OOqA_"/uxn-kx+Vz*EQb)Q The real-world earthquake data is viewable via a graphical interface using a scaling map. In this 1-to-10 logarithmic scale, each succeeding level representing 10 times as much energy as the last. The spot where those three circles intersect is the epicenter (Figure 13.12). hbb2b`b``a I @ endstream endobj 62 0 obj <>/Metadata 55 0 R/Pages 51 0 R/StructTreeRoot 57 0 R/Type/Catalog/ViewerPreferences<>>> endobj 63 0 obj <>/Font<>>>/Fields[]>> endobj 64 0 obj <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Type/Page>> endobj 65 0 obj <> endobj 66 0 obj <> endobj 67 0 obj <> endobj 68 0 obj <>stream Great exercise for Regents Earth Science. See Answer. Use Figure 4.5 and the travel-time graph in Figure 4.4 to determine the distance between each station and THREE SEISMOGRAMS the epicenter. Locating Earthquake Epicenter Lab - Triangulation sheet for students and/or teachers to use (Slide 6), and answer key (Slide 7). 0000079769 00000 n This investigation is considered generally safe to do with students. Nov 2, 2020 Triangulation is used to determine the location of an earthquake. Travel-time graphDistance in Miles, Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01, seismogram. 61 33 American Geosciences Institute. (Listen to student ideas.) Use of the TeachEngineering digital library and this website constitutes acceptance of our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Pwaves have the greatest velocity and reach the, seismic station first. 0000006011 00000 n Last updated November 26, 2013. In this activity, students use an online simulationVirtual Earthquakethat is accessible through the Earthquakes Living Lab interface, to locate the epicenter of an earthquake by making simple measurement on three seismograms, recordings of an earthquake's seismic waves detected by instruments (seismographs) far away from the earthquake. Most of these earthquakes are small tremors that cant be felt by people, but occasionally an earthquake occurs on a large magnitude that causes millions of dollars in property damage and kills hundreds to thousands of people. Use this information to complete the following. 5. focus - the point within Earth where an earthquake originates. Earthquakes and Seismic Waves - carlisleschools.org Introduction: Before student pairs look at the Earthquakes Living Lab, direct them to complete the Engage section of the Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Worksheet, which asks them to apply any prior knowledge and/or speculate as to what the Richter magnitude scale is and what an epicenter is. This opens a new window to Michigan Techs UPSeis informational site about earthquakes and seismology. The epicenter of an earthquake can be found using the difference between the arrival of the Primary and Secondary waves. The USGS now uses the MMS to estimate magnitudes for all modern large earthquakes. Sharing Information/Thinking Ahead: In the Evaluate section of the worksheet, student pairs are asked to compose answers to two questionswhether they think seismology is a reliable science and ways seismic data is useful for engineers. Focus (aka Hypocenter) is the location in the Earth where the earthquake starts. Expert Answer. This worksheet focuses on using the p and s graph to find different variables. 0000005149 00000 n Section A - Operator Information 1. approximate period of the surface waves in seconds? If the lag time were measured at a location closer to the epicenter, how would it compare Graphs, charts, and images can be used to identify patterns in data. Divide the class into student pairs, and have them assemble at their computers with journals/paper and writing instruments. HTAn If you complete all the problems, you should be able to: Identify P, S, and surface waves on a simple seismogram. Conclude the activity with a class discussion (and perhaps homework questions) to share ideas and answers, as described in the Assessment section. Using this resource students find the arrival times of P-waves and S-waves using a seismogram. A single recording station can only calculate distance, but not direction; to cover all possibilities, a complete circle is drawn around that station. 0000003254 00000 n While earthquake locations are normally done with a computer that can quickly determine the paths of seismic waves through the Earth to many seismic stations, 15 Introduction to Geology Chapter Worksheet . www.teachengineering.org/activities/view/csm_findingepicenters_activity1, Search curriculum by Common Core standards, http://www.teachengineering.org/livinglabs/earthquakes/, Click to view other curriculum aligned to this Performance Expectation, Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Worksheet, Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes (docx), Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes (pdf), Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Example Answers (docx), Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Example Answers (pdf), Earthquakes Living Lab: FAQs about P Waves, S Waves and More, Seismic Waves: How Earthquakes Move Through the Earth, Earthquakes Living Lab: Designing for Disaster, http://www.teachengineering.org/livinglabs/index.php, https://www.newpathonline.com/api_player/enus_54_6304/LXX/index.html. 0000000956 00000 n Seismic Waves. Must engineers be content with mitigating disasters, instead of preventing them? Record your answer from Lab Exercise #2, Step 1. The vertical lines, spaced one, minute apart, represent the passage of time, (from left to right). THREE SEISMOGRAMS Seismogram A - New York, NY 1 minute 1. If the lag time were measured at a location closer to the epicenter, The period of a wave is the time between two adj, How does the period of the P waves compare to t. Use data from seismograms to locate the epicenters of earthquakes. endstream endobj 84 0 obj <> endobj 85 0 obj <> endobj 86 0 obj <>stream Do limits exist on what science can predict? DocHub v5.1.1 Released! Engineers first determine where earthquakes are likely to occur, and how severe they are likely to be. DOC Home - Westerville City Schools aqmd. For this activity, select the "Chile" box. S waves. Using 3 seismograms the students will be able to triangulate the epicenter of an earthquake. 0000006538 00000 n minutes and P waves 8 minutes to Finally, the location of the 3 seismographs are placed on a map and the distance to the epicenter is used to draw a circle with an origin at each seismograph and a radius equal to the distance to the epicenter as taken from each seismogram. You will analyze the records and locate the earthquake using a method known %PDF-1.4 % Continue the discussion with the following questions (or assign these questions as homework): Have student groups explore one or more of the other two regions (Southern California and Japan) provided in the Virtual Earthquake simulation. You can also download it, export it or print it out. HtA1D41`s(GME$Ke*YdEOYf2-:r. 0000005081 00000 n moment magnitude scale: Similar to the Richter scale, but replacing its use starting in the 1970s for more accuracy in measuring big earthquakes (magnitudes > 3.5) from greater distances. The epicenter is the point directly above it at the surface of the Earth.
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